Hary Sanjaya, Hermansyah Aziz, Yeni Stiadi, Syukri Arief, Y. Yohandri, Septian Budiman
This study addresses the critical need for cost-effective, earth-abundant alternatives to Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) by developing transparent and conductive Copper Stannate (CuSnO₃) thin films via sol-gel dip-coating. Using diethanolamine (DEA) and monoethanolamine (MEA) as chelating agents to enhance film stability and uniformity, the synthesized films were calcined at 550 °C, yielding predominantly amorphous structures that minimize grain boundary recombination. Characterization revealed crack-free morphologies with a thickness of approximately 1.88 μm, while optical analysis showed band gap energies ranging from 2.16 eV (DEA) to 2.31 eV (MEA), suitable for visible-light absorption. Electrical measurements indicated significant improvements in conductivity, with MEA-modified films achieving 173.58 S/m and DEA-modified films reaching 3600 S/m.When used as photoelectrodes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) with natural sensitizers, the films demonstrated successful photovoltaic performance, with Quercetin yielding the highest power conversion efficiency of 0.26%, thereby validating solution-processed amorphous CuSnO₃ as a viable, low-cost material for scalable optoelectronic applications. © 2026 The Author(s).
Department of Chemistry, Universitas Negeri Padang, Jln. Hamka, Padang, 25132, Indonesia; Departement of Chemistry, Andalas University, Jln, Limau Manis Kec. Pauh, Padang, 25175, Indonesia; Department of Physic, Universitas Negeri Padang, Jln. Hamka, Padang, 25132, Indonesia; Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Interdisciplinary Program of Nanoscience and Technology, College of Interdisciplinary and Integrative Studies, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Pathumwan, 10330, Thailand
