Citra Dewi, Ricky Maulana, Doni Tri Putra Yanto, Nevi Faradina
The global transition to sustainable energy has accelerated the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), resulting in increased load on the electricity distribution network. This study evaluates the technical impact of EV penetration on distribution network stability through steady-state power flow simulations. A modified IEEE 13-Bus radial distribution system is implemented using MATLAB and the MATPOWER simulation package. Three EV penetration scenarios; 20%, 40%, and 60%, are modeled to reflect the increased charging demand during the evening peak load hours. Simulation results show that as EV penetration increases, the voltage at some buses drops significantly and total power losses increase. In the 60% scenario, the voltage at the weakest bus drops to 0.846 p.u., approaching the critical limit. Smart charging strategies and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technologies are not implemented in this study, highlighting the challenges of uncoordinated EV charging. These findings emphasize the importance of a coordinated integration strategy to ensure reliable and efficient distribution system operation in the context of widespread EV adoption. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.
Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, Indonesia; Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
