Muhamad Sazeli Rifki, Endang Sepdanius, Ariando Ariston, Raudhatul Hanifah, Hadi Pery Fajri, Sepriadi
Background. The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted efficient learning, such as volleyball learning. Objectives. This study aims to provide students with a valid, practical, and effective independent volleyball learning model. Methods. This research is research designed in two stages. The first stage is needs analysis, design projection, and developing an independent volleyball learning model for students based on the draft program. The validity to practicality test is carried out. In the second stage, the effectiveness test was carried out through field testing of the independent volleyball learning model. This research uses a research and development approach, namely the ADDIE development model. Results. The novelty emphasized in this development is creating a product as an independent volleyball learning model for students, which is packaged into a learning model book and a separate volleyball learning tutorial video. Conclusion. Based on this development, it will produce a guidebook containing an independent volleyball learning model for students during the COVID-19 pandemic. © 2025, Society of Aging and Physical Activity (SAPA). All rights reserved.
Sports Science Faculty, Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia
