Jaka Putra Utama, Umar, Gusril, Rusdinal, Masrun
Background. Field trials for a TPSR-based Physical Education Learning Model were conducted in four West Sumatra, Indonesia senior high schools. Schools were selected using cluster random sampling based on 2022 National Examination scores. Objectives. The study aimed to develop and assess the effectiveness of a TPSR-based Physical Education model to improve student character in the 21st Century. Methods. The development process included preliminary research, prototyping, and assessment phases. This involved needs and context analyses, followed by creating model books and e-books, which educational experts validated. Results. Data collection focused on validity, practicality, and 21st Century Skills assessments. Validity was analyzed via a Likert scale, while practicality was gauged through teacher and student questionnaires. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS, ensuring significance at p < 0.05. Conclusion. The TPSR-based model was validated as practical and effective in enhancing student character, demonstrating its potential for implementation in physical education curricula. © 2025, Society of Aging and Physical Activity (SAPA). All rights reserved.
Faculty of Sports Science, Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia; Faculty of Education, Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia
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