Asnil Asnil, Refdinal Nazir, Krismadinata Krismadinata, Muhammad Nasir
Maximizing power extraction in photovoltaic (PV) systems under varying solar irradiation and temperature is challenging, as conventional incremental conductance (InCond) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms often trade speed for oscillation. This research proposes an adaptive variable step size (VSS)-based InCond MPPT algorithm, enhanced with auxiliary proportional-integral-derivative (PID) correction, which dynamically adjusts step size for duty cycle based on the power change rate. Simulation under dynamic conditions shows the proposed algorithm significantly improves tracking speed, achieving the fastest convergence in 0.0008 s under varying irradiation and constant temperature. It substantially enhances electrical power generation; for instance, at the irradiation level corresponding to Region VI, it achieves approximately 250 W, significantly higher than the 215 W of the conventional method. While the conventional algorithm exhibits a peak power ripple of 7.05 W, the proposed algorithm shows 9.2 W (the highest steady-state), and the modified one shows 12.3 W, demonstrating a performance trade-off. Furthermore, the algorithm demonstrates superior output at low irradiation levels, generating 23.5 W more electrical power than conventional methods under similar conditions. It also proves to be less sensitive to temperature variations under such conditions, maintaining high power output despite these temperature changes. This approach effectively optimizes PV system performance across diverse operating conditions. © 2025 The authors. This article is published by IIETA and is licensed under the CC BY 4.0 license
Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Andalas, Padang, 25162, Indonesia; Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, 25131, Indonesia
