Dieter Rahmadiawan, Hairul Abral, Muhammad Adlan Azka, S.M. Sapuan, Ratna Isnanita Admi, Shih-Chen Shi, Rahadian Zainul, None Azril, Ahmad Zikri, Melbi Mahardika
Developing a simple and environmentally friendly method to vary the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of cellulose films is of great importance. This study aimed to characterize 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized bacterial cellulose (BC) films prepared using non-pressurized hot water vapor (NPHWV) method. A wet BC-pellicle that had been oxidized with TEMPO was treated with NPHWV for 60, 120, and 240 minutes, respectively. As a control, a TEMPO-oxidized BC (TOBC) film without NPHWV was prepared. The results show that the longer NPHWV duration of the TOBC film increased the tensile and thermal properties. This film became more hydrophobic and showed lower moisture absorption, thermal conductivity and organic solvent uptake, more crystalline structure, and higher fiber density after NPHWV treatment. The acquired results provide a simple, inexpensive, and ecologically friendly method for varying TOBC film properties. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University (NCKU), Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang, Sumatera Barat, Padang, 25173, Indonesia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Andalas University, Sumatera Barat, Padang, 25163, Indonesia; Laboratory of Nanoscience and Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Andalas University, Sumatera Barat, Padang, 25163, Indonesia; Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia; Laboratory of High-Temperature Coating, Research Center for Physics Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Serpong, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Padang, West Sumatera, 25171, Indonesia; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, 16850, Turkey; Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Indonesia
