Dinda Adelia Putri, Syafriani, Trismidianto
On June 16, 2016, extreme rainfall occurred, which resulted in flooding in Padang City caused by the Super Cloud Cluster (SCC), which was triggered by the Westerly Wind Burst (WWB). This paper examines the role of SCC and WWB interactions in increasing rainfall and even causing flooding in Padang using analytical methods. This study uses brightness temperature (TBB) data from Himawari-8, rainfall from GSMaP, surface data from CCMP, and several atmospheric parameters from ECMWF ERA5. The results of this study report that SCC caused extreme rainfall on June 16, 2016, over the Indian Ocean, which was triggered by WWB and the Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO). Heavy rainfall began on June 15 at 21 LT and reached its peak on June 16 at 16 LT in the SCC area, then moved toward the coast of Sumatra Island. SCC has a significant impact on rainfall in Sumatra, where, in accumulation, extreme rainfall can be seen in several areas in Sumatra, one of which is Padang. WWB supports moisture transport from the western Indian Ocean to Sumatra Island, resulting in the formation of SCC in this area. The existence of warm sea surface temperature (SST) around Sumatra Island since June 15 and cold SST along the Indian Ocean near the coast of the African Continent and the Arabian Sea, supported by several low-pressure centers around Sumatra Island, is the trigger for WWB. The WWB that occurred was also followed by water transport, which also experienced an increase in humidity on June 16 on the west coast of Sumatra Island, causing an increase in convective activity that triggered the formation of SCC on the west coast of Sumatra Island. SCC caused heavy and extreme rain and even caused flooding in Padang on June 16, 2016, due to the formation of SCC, which WWB triggered. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang (UNP), West Sumatra, Padang, Indonesia; Research Center for Climate and Atmospheric, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bandung, 40173, Indonesia
