Rahadian Zainul, Rhiva Chaya, Karna Wijaya, Fitra Rahmawati, Imtiaz Ali Laghari, Dieter Rahmadiawan, Mohammad Abdullah
In the realm of industrial water reclamation, conventional techniques and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) often fall short in addressing challenges posed by organic pollutants. Electrochemical technologies are emerging as a promising solution, particularly for the removal of biorefractory substances. This comprehensive review delves into the intricacies of various electrochemical tools for treating wastewater contaminated with organic pollutants. The objectives encompass elucidating fundamental process aspects, exploring the influence of operational parameters and reactor design on performance, critically evaluating pros and cons, and envisioning their practical application potential by identifying key investigatory points. The discussion covers direct electrochemical oxidation, indirect electrochemical oxidation via electrogenerated active chlorine, and the synergy between anodic and cathodic processes. The review also critically assesses reactor options for implementing these technologies. Another aspect addressed pertains to capacitive deionization (CDI), an essential desalination process relying on electrical double layer formation. A subcategory, intercalation capacitive deionization (ICDI), harnesses intercalation materials to achieve desalination through ion insertion into electrode crystal structures upon applying voltage. © 2024 by SPC (Sami Publishing Company).
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, West Sumatra, Padang, Indonesia; Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia; Research Group of Solid State Chemistry & Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A Kentingan, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia; Department of Electrical Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology, Campus Larkana, Sindh, 67480, Pakistan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University (NCKU), Tainan, Taiwan; Chemical Engineering Studies, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA Johor Branch, Pasir Gudang Campus, Bandar Seri Alam, Masai, Pasir Gudang, Johor, Johor Bahru, 81750, Malaysia; Center for Advanced Material Processing, Artificial Intelligence and Biophysics Informatics (CAMPBIOTICS), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia
