Sami Mohammad, Mohamad Nasir Mohamad Ibrahim, Sumiyyah Sabar, Rahadian Zainul, Ida Ayu Gede Widihati, Harits Atika Ariyanta, Anwar Iqbal
Organobentonite beads (CS/SA/SS/Ben-300 mg) were synthesised using the ionic gelation method by crosslinking bentonite (Ben), chitosan (CS), sodium alginate (SA) and sodium sulphate (SS). The synthesised beads were characterised using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and a digital microscope, which indicated successful crosslinking between the components. The batch adsorption method was employed to investigate the adsorptive capabilities of CS/SA/SS/Ben-300 mg using methylene blue (MB) as a dye model. The highest adsorption of MB (50 mg/L) (88%) followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with a rate constant of 0.9195 g mg-1 min-1 and a linear regression coefficient (R2) of 0.98 at 323 K and pH 12. This suggests that the MB adsorption followed a chemisorption mechanism. Furthermore, the Langmuir model was found to better describe the adsorption process compared to the Freundlich model. According to the Langmuir isotherm, the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity (qmax) of the organobentonite beads was observed to be 48.94 mg/g under the optimum conditions. The reusability of CS/SA/SS-Ben-300 mg demonstrated no significant decrease in MB removal efficiency. © 2024 Malaysian Institute of Chemistry. All rights reserved.
School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, 11800 USM, Malaysia; Chemical Science Programme, School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Minden, 11800, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Udayana University, Indonesia; Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl Raya Bogor KM 46, Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
