Mia Ayu Gusti, Syahrizal, Ridha Azka Raga, Alpon Satrianto
This study aims to investigate the function of artificial intelligence (AI) in supporting green human resource management (GHRM) practices for improving environmental performance, as well as exploring the reinforcing impact of green culture based on dynamic capability theory insights. Data collection was conducted using structured questionnaires administered to 467 managers working in the palm oil business in West Sumatra, Indonesia with a convenience sampling approach. Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) and importance-performance map analysis (IPMA) was used to investigate the data. The results suggest that AI significantly improves environmental performance and GHRM, while GHRM also positively affects environmental performance. GHRM mediates the relationship between AI and environmental performance. Green culture strengthens the AI effect on environmental performance but does not significantly moderate the AI and GHRM connection, nor does it produce a significant moderate mediation effect. The proposed model demonstrates that GHRM has moderate explanatory power (R2 = 0.610) and environmental performance has weak explanatory power (R² = 0.290). AI has a moderate effect on GHRM (f2 = 0.313), whereas the remaining direct effects and other interactions are relatively small. In addition, the model exhibits positive predictive relevance for GHRM (Q2 = 0.07) and environmental performance (Q² = 0.08), although its predictive capability remains relatively limited. The findings highlight the strategic role of AI in enhancing environmental performance both direct and indirect effect via GHRM. A strong green culture further amplifies this effect. This research adds to the integration of AI, GHRM, and green culture within the dynamic capability perspective and provides practical insights relevant to managers and policymakers, to optimize AI-driven HR practices and organizational culture for improved environmental performance. © 2026, Johar Education Society Pakistan. All rights reserved.
Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, Indonesia
