Widya Prarikeslan, Dion Lovani
This study aims to examine changes in Land Surface Temperature (LST) in Padang City between January 2018 and January 2023, as well as to analyze the relationship between LST and air pollutants specifically Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO₂) during the same period. The research utilizes satellite imagery from Landsat 8 OLI and Sentinel-5P, processed and analyzed using Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. Findings indicate that in 2018, the maximum recorded LST was 33°C, while in 2023 it decreased to 28°C. The correlation analysis revealed that in 2018, CO had a strong influence on LST with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 64.9%, whereas NO₂ showed a weak relationship (R2 = 16.3%). In 2023, both CO and NO₂ demonstrated weak correlations with LST, with R2 values of 2% and 5.1% respectively. Overall, while there is an observable trend in LST changes and their association with air pollution, the statistical relationships were generally weak. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2026.
Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, 25132, Indonesia; Springer Heidelberg, Tiergartenstr. 17, Heidelberg, 69121, Germany
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