Muthia Azizah, Pakhrur Razi
On December 3, 2023, Mount Marapi erupted suddenly without any early warning and claimed 23 lives. Therefore, observing the potential for a Mount Marapi eruption is very important to minimize the impact of the eruption disaster. This study utilizes remote sensing to improve eruption mitigation by observing SO2 emissions and the distribution of Surface Temperature (LST) of Mount Marapi in a time series. The observation started from July to December 2023. Google Earth Engine (GEE) is used as a platform that processes Sentinel-5P and Landsat 8 satellite imagery and spatial analysis of SO2 emissions and LST distribution. The results of the analysis show that the relationship between SO2 emissions and LST distribution to the potential for eruption is positive, increasing. SO2 emissions jumped to 0.0061 mol/m2 and LST reached 40.88°C approaching the time of the eruption. Here a more comprehensive analysis is needed to obtain a valid range value as an eruption potential so that it can provide information regarding active volcanic activity. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2026.
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, 25131, Indonesia; The Center of Disaster Monitoring and Earth Observation (DMEO), Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, 25131, Indonesia
