Alwi Nofriandi, Yulkifli, Illyas Md Isa, Norhayati Hashim, Mohamad Idris Saidin, Mohamad Syahrizal Ahmad, Indang Dewata, Yohandri, Mawardi, Alizar, Ratno Nuryadi
This study presents the development and characterization of a multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-based paste electrode modified with ferrocenium tetrachloroferrate (FTCF) for detecting of manganese(II) ions, Mn(II) in environmental applications. The modified material was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Electrochemical performance was evaluated through cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and chronocoulometry. Square wave voltammetry was employed for quantitative detection of Mn(II). The MWCNTs/FTCF electrode demonstrated a linear detection range from 1.0 nM to 0.1 μM and 1.0 μM to 0.1 mM, with correlation coefficients (R2) of 0.9865 and 0.9762, respectively, and a detection limit of 0.275 nM. Interference study towards 11 competing ions, each at 10 folds concentration of Mn(II) shown an interference levels below 15 %, indicating a good selectivity. Additionally, the electrode exhibited excellent stability and reproducibility. The proposed electrode has been applied to determine Mn(II) in real water samples and the results shown that recovery values from 93 % to 113 %. Hence, it was suggested as alternative tool for the analysis of Mn(II) in environmental study. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.
Doctoral Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, Air Tawar, 25132, Indonesia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural Science and Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, Air Tawar, 25132, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Perak, Tanjong Malim, 35900, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science and Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, Air Tawar, 25132, Indonesia; Center of Materials Technology, Agency for the Assessment and Aplication of Technology, Banten, 15314, Indonesia
