Umar, Yovhandra Ockta, Bafirman, Masrun, Khairuddin, Pringgo Mardesia
This study explores the development and evaluation of a Virtual Reality (VR)-based Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) designed to enhance the learning of complex physiological concepts in exercise physiology education. Traditional teaching methods often struggle to effectively convey dynamic physiological processes, such as muscle contraction and energy metabolism. By utilizing VR technology, this research provides an immersive, interactive environment for students to visualize and engage with these processes in 3D. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach, using the 4D model (Define, Design, Development, Dissemination) to create and assess the VR program. Experts in physiology, educational media, and linguistics validated the content, ensuring both pedagogical soundness and technical quality. Evaluation methods included expert validation questionnaires, practicality surveys, and student feedback. The tool received high ratings for its educational value, interactivity, and usability, with an average expert validation score of 97.42% and a student practicality score of 98.89%. Instructors found the VR program practical for enhancing conceptual learning, especially in visualizing complex processes difficult to simulate in traditional settings. The study suggests that integrating VR with MOOCs can democratize access to exercise physiology education globally. However, challenges related to technology access and content development remain. Future research should explore VR’s long-term impact on knowledge retention and its applicability in real-world scenarios. This research demonstrates VR’s potential to revolutionize specialized education by offering scalable, immersive, and engaging learning experiences that enhance both accessibility and effectiveness. © 2025 by the authors.
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Teuku Umar, Indonesia
